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Fair item assignment is a kind of a fair division problem in which the items to divide are ''indivisible''. The items have to be divided among several partners who value them differently. A typical scenario is when several heirs want to divide the inherited property, which contains e.g. a house, a car, a piano and several paintings. The indivisibility of the items implies that a fair division may not be possible. As an extreme example, if there is only a single item (e.g. a house), it must be given to a single partner, but this is not fair to the other partners. There are several solutions to such cases, like monetary payments or time-based rotation. There are two prominent ways to model the preferences of the partners: * In the cardinal model, each partner has a value function that assigns a certain numeric value to each item. Usually it is assumed that the functions are additive utility functions, which means that the value of a set of items is the sum of the values of the items. * In the ordinal model, each partner has only a ranking between the items, which says which item is the best, which is the second-best, etc. For each type of preferences, there are different fairness criteria and different division procedures. == The cardinal-additive model == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fair item assignment」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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